Inventor
Surendra Duklan
Published patent Application - DEl /2274/2009
Unique feature of your innovation :
Formation of Shilajit Compound by the biosynthesis of Phytoextreacts
Biochemical Processes For Isolation Of Shilajit From Phytoextreacts
Category Name :
Bioengineering / Biotech
Name of any other team members :
, Surendra Duklan
Surendra Duklan Cell No :
9634061225
E-mail :
[email protected]
Application of biochemical processes for the formation of shilajit, on the phytochemicals of medicinal plants,scientifically proves the hypothesis that the fossil shilajit ( natural),an ayurvedic & traditional medicine, is produced from the secondary metabolites of some plants by the geothermal pressure and other factors. Shilajit is sold all over the world as a food supplement & nutraceuticals for human consumption claiming medicines for many kinds of ailments.
These shrubs grows in the agricultural and barren lands in the world over in plenty and are not commercially utilized, as these shrubs does not yield any grass, timber and are not utilized by men and animals.
These products are produced from the shrubs which are perennial are sustainable .These can be consumed by people without any side effects. There are also such other products in the markets such as Shilajit and fulvic acid marketed by big aurvedic manufacturers but their products have-two shortcomings.1.sources of supply are very limited and 2. products are hypothetical.
Shilajit ,so far could not be analyzed & prepared synthetically by chemists.Shilajit is a natural compound formed from phytochemical Shilajit is a natural compound composed by many phytochemicals present in a medicinal plant- mainly triterpenoid saponins,phenolic acids,amino acids,carbohydrates,flavonoids, alkaloids,eldagic acid,carbohydrates & polysacchrides.
Present invention relates to the application of biotechnology for the manufacturing of Pure Shilajit Compound from a medicinal plant This invention explains processes of biosynthesis for the creation of pure shilajit compound from a natural plant material. Pure shilajit compound derived by the synthesis of the phyto extracts,is a novel product and an improvement over the existing product.Synthesis of the phyto extract for the formation of shilajit is a novel process over the natural process of the formation of shilajit.
There are hypothesises that shilajit is composed of the organic plant material of latex bearing plants, that have been compressed by the layers of rocks.Shilajit coming from the rocks formed millions of years ago of the geothermal pressure acting on biomass of plant material.The natural process of formation of shilajit is similar to the formation of fossil fuel.Shilajit is a pale brown to blackish brown exudes in the form of smooth and clean sticky product.
It is bitter in taste, with slight smell. The botanical name of Shilajit is Asphaltum (mineral pitch).Shilajit usually collected over the ground or is found flowing out from between fissures in the rocks in summer months due to strong heat of the sun. In India, it is found in the surroundings of the Himalayas: from Arunachal Pradesh in the east to Kashmir in the west. It is also found in Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, Nepal, Pakistan, Tibet, and Norway, where it is collected in small quantities from steep rock faces at altitudes between 1000 and 5000 m.
With this invention it takes a few hours to create pure shilajit compound compared to millions of years that nature took to produce shilajit. Present invention clearly develops the substance that is called shilajit with the scientific methods of formation & identification of constituents of shilajit.
Shilajit is sold all over the world as a food supplement & nutraceuticals for human consumption claiming medicines for many kinds of ailments.
Present invention solves the problems of the ambiguity about the source of the origin of shilajit, presents scientific process for the formation of it through the application of Biotechnology. Natural formation of Shilajit from the biomass is very slow process and at present these natural resources (sites of natural sources of shilajit) are being depleted, availability & extraction of shilajit is becoming and hazardous Therefore an attractive option for future supply of shilajit is synthesizing the biomass of a particular medicinal plant. The hazards of collection of shilajit and the scanty amount generally available in any one locale prompt unscrupulous traders to .adulterate it.
Natural formation of Shilajit from the biomass is very slow process and at present these natural resources (sites of natural sources of shilajit) are being depleted, availability & extraction of shilajit is becoming rare and hazardous.
Therefore an attractive option for future supply of shilajit is synthesizing the biomass of a particular medicinal plant.
The hazards of collection of shilajit and the scanty amount generally available in any one locale prompt unscrupulous traders to adulterate it.
The unique competitive advantages are that easy availability of pure shilajit as the product so far could not be industrially manufactured in the world.Shilajit has a very high demand and the prices of shilajit mare very high in the world over .Shilajit is sold in every market of the world without any scientific approval.There is not any concrete scientific data of its origin except the hypothesis.
The main competitive advantages are -1.This shilajit is produced scientifically from the phytochemicals can be anylysed and the constituents of the compound can be clinically tested for its health benefits. Thus the product can be manufactured and traded world over with scientific backing of proof of concept.
The processes of biochemical for the manufacturing of shilajit is complete. Shilajit manufactured by these processes has been tested and compared with the fossil shilajit. The physical and chemical properties are completely identical. The comparative results on persons tested for two years for lowering the high blood pressure, rejuvenation, potency & physical strength were very successful after consuming this manufactured shilajit.
Shilajit ,so far could not be analyzed & prepared synthetically by chemists.Shilajit is a natural compound formed from phytochemical (secondary metabolites of plants created naturally by the geothermal pressure.
The innovation will pave the way for micro and small scale industries in the rural areas. In INDIA Product by name of shilajit are openly manufactured and traded because the Drug Controller General of India allows firms to manufacture & sell the products, if they are described in the ancient texts.
Appearance: Sticky biomass & Concentrated liquid
Color: Dark brown
Taste: Bitter
Odor: Characteristic
pH of 2% aqueous solution 7.1
molecules present in shilajit preparations are eldagic acid, some fatty acids, resins, latex, gums, albumins, triterpenes, sterols, aromatic carboxylic acids, 3,4-benzocoumarins, amino acids, polyphenols, and phenolic lipids.
- Isolation of Shilajit Compound from Phytoextreacts of euphorbia royleana with the application of bio engineering processes.
With this invention it takes a few hours to create pure shilajit compound compared to millions of years that nature took to produce shilajit.
Object of the invention-With this invention it takes a few hours to create pure shilajit compound compared to millions of years that nature took to produce shilajit. Present invention clearly develops the substance that is called shilajit with the scientific methods of formation & identification of constituents of shilajit.
Shilajit is sold all over the world as a food supplement & nutraceuticals for human consumption claiming medicines for many kinds of ailments.
Present invention solves the problems of the ambiguity about the source of the origin of shilajit, presents scientific process for the formation of it through the application of Biotechnology. Natural formation of Shilajit from the biomass is very slow process and at present these natural resources (sites of natural sources of shilajit) are being depleted, availability & extraction of shilajit is becoming and hazardous Therefore an attractive option for future supply of shilajit is synthesizing the biomass of a particular medicinal plant. The hazards of collection of shilajit and the scanty amount generally available in any one locale prompt unscrupulous traders to .adulterate it.
Natural formation of Shilajit from the biomass is very slow process and at present these natural resources (sites of natural sources of shilajit) are being depleted, availability & extraction of shilajit is becoming rare and hazardous.
Therefore an attractive option for future supply of shilajit is synthesizing the biomass of a particular medicinal plant.
The problems of hazards of collection of shilajit and the scanty amount generally available in any one locale ,are overcome with this invention.
Abstract—
Application of polycondensation and & auto catalytic hydrothermolysis process on the phytochemicals of latex bearing plant, euphorbia royleana,scientifically proves the hypothesis that shilajit,an ayurvedic & traditional medicine is produced from the secondary metabolites of euphorbia royleana plant,is produced naturally by geothermal energy & hydrolysis.
Application of biotechnology by synthesizing the latex of euphorbia royleana through polycondensation process(presence of acids in the latex propagates the process of polymerization) & isolation of shilajit compound by auto catalytic hydrothermolysis (due to the presence of acids,such as phenolic acids ,amino acids ,carboxylic acids,& terpenes in the polymeric product-oleoresin) is an improvement over the natural process of the formation of shilajit compound.
Field of Invention-
Shilajit is a blackish-brown substance, which is very useful in many diseases and serves as a potent tonic. Traditionally it is also considered to increase virility, cure diabetes, and in Ayurvedic medicine system of India, it is used against various diseases.
Shilajit is the most important drug of Ayurvedic and folk- medicine systems. In the raw form it is a bituminous substance, which is a compact mass of vegetable organic matter composed of dark red gummy matrix. It is bitter in taste, and its smell resembles cow's stale urine. The botanical name of Shilajit is Asphaltum (mineral pitch).
Shilajit is a natural compound composed by many phytochemicals present in the latex of plant-euphorbia royleana mainly triterpenoid saponins,phenolic acids,amino acids,carbohydrates,flavonoids, alkaloids,eldagic acid,carbohydrates & polysacchrides.
Shilajit and Health-Shilajit is most important drug for many diseases. It was used as a drug in prehistoric periods. There is evidence of Shilajit (Silajatu) in the Indus civilization. Traditionally it is used as power increasing tonic. The following health properties are claime in Shilajit in the ayurvedic system of medicine.
Helps accelerate processes of protein and nucleic acid metabolism and stimulates energy providing reactions.
Counteracts Diabetes and regulates the blood sugar level.
Purifies blood, improves functioning of pancreas and strengthens digestion.
Reduces fat, dissolves tumours, and counteracts thirst.
Promotes the movement of minerals, especially calcium, phosphorous, and magnesium into muscle tissue and bone.
Stimulates the immune system and improves restoration (recovery) after exercise.
Increases levels of growth hormone in diabetic patients and is a potent anti-ulcer agent.
Shilajit usually collected over the ground or is found flowing out from between fissures in the rocks in summer months due to strong heat of the sun. Shilajit samples from different region of the world have different physiological properties. The natural process of formation of shilajit is similar to the formation of fossil fuel.In India it is found in the lower Himalaya at altitudes between 1000 to 5000 meters in Uttarakhand,Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir, Arunchal Pradesh it is also found in Afghanistan ,Nepal ,Bhutan, China, Tibet and the former USSR.Shilajit is a pale brown to blackish brown exudates in the form of smooth and clean sticky product.
Present invention relates to the application of bio engineering processes for the manufacturing of Pure Shilajit Compound from a medicinal plant Euphorbia Royleana.
Present invention describes the synthesis of the latex of euphorbia royleana.
This invention explains processes of Polycondensation and auto acid hydrothermolysis for the creation of pure shilajit compound from a natural plant material
Pure shilajit compound derived by the synthesis of the phytoextracts of euphorbia royleana,is a novel product and an improvement over the existing process- the natural process (geo thermal pressure) of the formation of shilajit.
Composition of Shilajit -Triterpenoids saponins glycosides, polysaccharides, polyacetylenes, peptides, and amino acids, have been isolated from this, saponins glycosides, and polysaccharides are the major and most unique constituents.
The hypothesises described in the ancient scriptures & many modern time researchers that shilajit is formed by the decomposition of plant material by microorgnims under the surface of earth,is not scientifically proved.As it is true that if the organic material is decomposed and decayed &destroyed by microorganism and converted to humus substances in soil.
As these hypothesis claim that Shilajit is formed by this humus. Humus in soil is claimed to contain humins (humic acid and fulvic acid).It is claimed that shilajit is composed of fulvic acid (80% of shilajit is claimed to be fulvic acid & remaining material are other organic material including pebbles).
Fulvic Acid contents in the soil are very low and the formation and extraction process are different.How this fulvic acid accumulates in a place comes out from the rocks.
Plants absorbs very little amount of fulvic acid in the form of a dibasic acid taken from the hydrolyzed soil. Remainining product of Decomposition of plant material (proteins,carbohydrates,fats aminoacids and organic minerals) by the microorganisms is quite different material from shilajit.
Experiments prove that shilajit is composed of the organic plant material of latex bearing plants that have been compressed by the layers of rocks.Shilajit coming from the rocks formed millions of years ago of the geothermal pressure acting on biomass of plant material.
Back ground of the Invention
The recognition of the commercial significance of shilajit with expanding applications and increasing evidence of their health benefits have prompted research on process development for the production of shilajit on a commercial-scale from natural sources.
Shilajit is being widely sold all over the world as a food supplement & nutraceutical for human consumption claiming medicines for many kinds of ailments.
Use of shilajit— Shilajit is an important, known component of the ayurvedic medicine given its characteristics as a rasayana. In this context, health benefits such as an increase in longevity, rejuvenating, and arresting aging roles have been attributed to it.
For a long time folk medicine like shilajit has been one of the highly valued herbs in Asian countries ,recently many clinical trials using these herbs have been undertaken in the western countries as in the eastern countries for diverse pharmacological and physiological effect of these products on the various diseases performed only on animal models.
Present invention solves the problems of the ambiguity about the source of the origin of shilajit,presents scientific process for the formation of it through the application of Biotechnology.
This invention also dispels the hypothesis about the fulvic acid as a major constituents of shilajit(it is generally assumed that shilajit contains more than 80% of shilajit)
It is scientifically proved that fulvic acid as a part of Humic substances are formed by the microbial degradation of dead plant matter, amounts by the action of millions of beneficial microbes, working on decaying plant matter in a soil.
Shilajit is a natural compound formed from phytochemical (secondary metabolites of plants ,mainly of Euphorbia royleana created naturally by the geothermal pressure working as polycondensation and hydrothermolysis of the biomass.
The polycondensated polymer of the latex of euphorbia royleana can be stored for unlimited time in open environment.
The partially hydrolysed polycondensate can also be stored in open environment for a long time (many years).It is not decayed or is decomposed by the bacteria or microorganisms.
Natural formation of Shilajit from the biomass is very slow process and at present these natural resources (sites of natural sources of shilajit) are being depleted, availability & extraction of shilajit is becoming and hazardous.
Therefore an attractive option for future supply of shilajit is synthesizing the biomass (latex of euphorbia royleana by the processes of .polycondensation and auto acid hydrothermolysis.
The hazards of collection of shilajit and the scanty amount generally available in any one locale prompt unscrupulous traders to adulterate it.
One species which was consistently found to be present in shilajit-bearing rocks, throughout the Eastern and the Western Himalayas, was a rich latex producing plant,Euphorbia royleana Boiss. (Euphorbiaceae).
Shilajit ,so far could not be analyzed & prepared synthetically by chemists.
The physical & chemical properties of shilajit, described by the ancient and modern time researchers are similar to the triterpenoid saponin which is a plant metabolite
The analysis of synthetically isolated shilajit compound shows the same phytochemical i.e. as the natural shilajit,having major constituents as triterpenoid glycosides instead of fulvic acid.
Modern time researchers' analysis of shilajit describe fulvic acid as a main component of shilajit compound.But it is not scientifically proved, as shilajit & fulvic acid could not be analyzed and prepared scientifically by chemists.
Fulvic acid is a humate product and is used as plant nutrient,no any scientific analysis of phytochemicals has isolated fulvic acid as a plant metabolites.The prevelant hypothesis for the formation of fulvic acid in the natural shilajit is decomposition of plant material by micro organisms.As created by nature organic fulvic acid are created by soil based micro organism (SBO'S).The SBO's consumed decayed prehistoric plant in humates deposites and created the substance known as fulvic acid.It is proved from the present invention that shilajit is a compound of phytochemical of euphorbia royleana just like the Korean Ginseng are metabolites of panax plant.
Shilajit is a natural compound composed by many phytochemicals present in the latex of plant-euphorbia royleana mainly triterpenoid saponins,phenolic acids,amino acids,carbohydrates,flavonoids, alkaloids,eldagic acid,carbohydrates & polysacchrides.
The physical & chemical properties of shilajit, described by the ancient and modern time researchers are similar to the triterpenoid saponin which is a plant metabolite
Properties of Triterpenoid saponins are as following -Colour -Dark brown,surface active agent,saponins share some unique biological properties including the ability to foam and lyse erythrocytes. triterpenoids tend to be acidic in pH,increase cell membrane permeability,Triterpenoids saponins are inherently lipophilic. However, these molecules tend to occur as glycosides. Because of the large size of the saponin molecules, what results is that one end of the molecule (where the glycone is attached) is hydrophilic and the other end (the head of the aglycone) is hydrophobic.These molecules make foam with water by agitation.
Thus it is proved from the assimilated physical and chemical properties that the so called fulvic acid compounds present in the shilajit compound are triterpenoid saponin compound.
The analysis of synthetically isolated shilajit compound shows the same phytochemical i.e. as the natural shilajit,having major constituents as triterpenoid glycosides instead of fulvic acid.
Prior Art-
Shilajit in Ayurveda-In the Charak Samhita, Shilajit is described as a product of four minerals: gold, silver, copper and iron, whereas Susruta Samhita included two more minerals, lead and zinc in its composition. According to the predominance of the minerals of the source rock, it was classified into four categories: Sauvarna, Rajat, Tamra and Lauha. The last variety Lauha shilajit or blackish-brown Shilajit is common and is supposed to be most effective. Charaka Samhita mentions that without the aid of Shilajit no curable disease can be alleviated.
According to Susruta Samhita 15,32-40, that obesity can be cured by taking enemas of drugs with liquefying properties which contain minerals like Silajatu, cow's urine, the three myrobalans, honey, barley etc. Traditionally people use it with pure milk to enhance energy, sexual and spiritual power.
Origin of Shilajit
Many researchers claim that Shilajit exuding from the rocks of mountains is basically derived from vegetative source. Several shlokas of Susruta Samhita and Rasarangini also maintain this point of view. According to Sushruta, in the months of May-June the sap or juice of plants comes out as gummy exudation from the rocks of mountains due to strong heat of sun and Rasarangini, Dwarishtarang also claim that the Shilajit is an exudation of latex gum-resin etc. of plants which comes from the rocks of mountains in presence of scorching heat. But the exact source of the origin of Shilajit is still under controversy.
There are several hypotheses regarding the origin of Shilajit:
The most strong scientific evidenceregarding organic nature and origin of silajatu was given by Ghosal, Reddy and Lal(1976). Silajatu was reported to contain a large number of organic compounds like sterols, triterpenes, ellagic acid, benzoicacid, m hydroxybenzoic acid, three bencoumarins and as many as eighteen free amino acids. The analysis of latex of Euphorbia royleana collected in summer month from the plant growing in the vicinityof silajatu exuding rocks of U.P. Himalayas,revealed the presence of identical organic compounds in it which was very constituents of Silajatu are primarily derived from the latex of E. Royleana heated up by the sun’s rays and not the other adjascent similar rocks.The geological studies carried out on black silajatu bearing rocks from U.P. Himalayas has revealed that there was no predominance of iron in the rock samples and silajatu was not related to any particular variety of mineral of rock. The finding was consistent with Chakrapani who opined in his commentary of Charak Samhita that various types of silajatu are not derived from gold,silver, copper and iron bearing rocks Hemadisabdeneha hemadisambhavasthabhta silocyate yato na saksat svarnadibhya eva silajatu bhavati.
Charak Samhita describes shilajit as stones of metal like gold. Susrut samhita a gelatineous substance Rasrangini and Dwarishtarang also claim that shilajit is an exdudate of a latex gum resin of plants.
Considering its unique composition as a phytocomplex, very rich in fulvic acid, researchers hypothesize that Shilajit is produced by the decomposition of plant material from species such as Euphorbia royleana.
Other molecules present in shilajit preparations are eldagic acid, some fatty acids, resins, latex, gums, albumins, triterpenes, sterols , triterpenes, ellagic acid, benzoicacid, m hydroxybenzoic acid, three bencoumarins and as many as eighteen free amino acids.
Shilajit obtained from the fossil biomass is scarce and very limited.All the ancient scripture and modern scientific research proves that the formation is a bio product.With this invention it takes a few hours to create pure shilajit compound compared to millions of years that nature took to produce shilajit.
Detailed Technical Description
.Euphorbia Royleana Boiss are latex bearing plants of euphorbia family. There are more than 2000 species of euphorbia family in the world, many of them bear latex. Euphorbia Royleana Boiss grows in wild stage in many parts of world.. It also grows in the arid and semi arid regions of the world.
Latex is a colloidy solution of low molecular weight resin particles in water. This natural compound contains resin, rubber, proteins and diluted acids. It looks like the latex of natural rubber.
Plants produce a vast and diverse assortment of organic compounds, the great majority of which do not appear to participate directly in their growth and development. These substances, traditionally referred to as secondary metabolites or plant natural products, often are distributed among limited taxonomic groups within the plant kingdom. The functions of secondary metabolites have been associated with attributes useful to the plants e.g. protection against herbivores and protection against microbial infection, as attractants for pollinators and seed-dispersing animals, and as compounds that influence competition among plant species (There is a growing interest in plant natural products, since these products often have a wide range of applications in different kinds of industries, including pharmaceutical industries, cosmetic industries, food industries, detergent industries, etc.
Condensation & Hydrothermolysis process for the isolation of pure shilajit compound from the latex is completed by taking the following steps;
1.Tapping
To harvest latex,(milky sap) a worker shaves off a slanted strip of bark halfway around the tree and about one third in (0.84 cm) deep. Precise skill is required for if the tree is cut too deeply, the tree will be irreparably damaged. If the cut is too shallow, the maximum amount of latex will not flow. The latex then bleeds out of the severed vessels, flows down along the cut until it reaches a spout, and finally drops into a collection cup that will later be drained.
A tapper first collects the cut lump, which is coagulated latex in the cup, and tree lace, which is latex coagulated along the old cut. Next, the tapper makes a new cut. The latex first flows rapidly, then declines to a steady rate for a few hours, after which it slows again.
Composition of Euphorbia Royleana Latex-
1.Physical appearance - Milky white
Ph - 6.5
Specific gravity - 1.7
Viscosity - (cps) 9.00
Solid contents - 28 to 30%
2 Coagulated Solids
Resin - 80%
Hydrocarbon - 5%
Proteins - 14%
Ash - 1%
The process is completed as following
Latex is collected by inserting a small wound on the stem of a mature plant.The collected latex is boiled. After cooling the latex becomes solid. The coagulation process makes resin particles bunch together .The solid latex is completely dried in the sunlight
3.The process of Polycondensation of the dried latex is accomplished by melt methods, a mixture of the initial compounds is heated for a long period to 100°-120°C above the melting (softening) point of the resultant polymer;
The process is completed as following.
Latex is polymerized through condensation process. The latex contains organic acids.These acids (amino acids ,phenolic acids,terpenes ) act as initiator(propagator) in the condensation process,This process is completed in a reactor fitted with stirrer, Condenser, Oil bath heating electric system and temperature indicators.The process starts with the Temperature of 120 C the and the condensation polymerization is completed with the temp of 180C .The resultant product is an Oleo resin,having viscous,sticky and dark brown colour,without any essence.
Due to the presence (natural bonding) of acid in the bio molecules of the plant derived extract (latex), double bond is formed during the condensation polymerization process. The resultant product is an Oleo resin,having viscous,sticky and dark brown colour,without any essence.Pure dark brown oleoresin is obtained.
Polycondensation processes include up to three distinct process stages:
1- prepolymerization, 2- polymerization, and 3-finishing.
Polycondensation polymerization Process – A process for the production of polymers from bifunctional and polyfunctional compounds (monomers), by the elimination of low-molecular weight by-products (for example, water, alcohols, and hydrogen halides).
Triterpenoids or triterpenoid saponins are pentacyclic molecules that are ultimately synthesized from isoprene. Glycosides in general, are defined as the condensation products of sugars (including polysaccharides)
In all cases of condensation, molecules with projecting -H atoms are linked to other molecules with projecting -OH groups, producing H2O, ( H.OH ) also known as water, which then moves away from the original molecules.
In carbohydrates, the sub-units to be joined are monosaccharides like glucose. Both of the groups which combine are -OH groups, (even though there are many single -H atoms on a glucose molecule). Joining two -OH groups with the removal of H2O results in a disaccharide containing an -O- bridge between the 2 monosaccharide units. Between glucose units, these bonds are usually between carbon 1 of one glucose molecule and carbon 4 or 6 on the other. Depending on the direction of the -OH group at carbon 1, it may be called an alpha or a beta linkage. The bond so formed is called a glycosidic bond or link. These links can be extended many times, resulting in the production of polysaccharides.
Hydrothermolysis Process for the Isolation of Shilajit from the oleoresin formed by polycondensation process of latex of Euphorbia royleana;
This process starts with the dissolving of oleo resin in the boiling distilled water, derived from the latex of Euphorbia royleana by the polycondensation process.Biomass material ( oleoresin )is hydrolysed using temperatures of about 130°C for the easily hydrolysable polysaccharides. This extraction process involves disruption of the internal cell structure and release of intracellular product to facilitate mass transfer, which is achieved by rapid and selective heating of the oleo resin in water.
Hydrothermolysis is completed in a reaction vessel .The optimum conditions were determined in dependence on temperature, flow rate of the eluting water and influence of stirring on the reaction mixture. Up to 5% pure shilajit compound can be obtained by hydrolysing the oleoresin with pure water at 130°C.
Drying of the dissolved compound-With the above processes of polycondensation and hydrothermolysis a reddish brown compound is extracted by squeezing the processed mass of the oleoresin of the latex.This compound is dissolved shilajit in plenty of water.
This water is evaporated slowly ,until thick dark brown shilajit is formed.
It is bitter in taste, with slight smell.
Appearance - Sticky biomass & Concentrated liquid
Color - Dark brown
Taste - Bitter
Odor - Characteristic
pH of 2% aqueous solution - 7.1
Testing of the efficacy of this Shilajit compound derived from the phytoextracts of Euphorbia royleana.
The comparative results on persons tested for two years for lowering the high blood pressure, rejuvenation, potency & physical strength were very successful after consuming this manufactured shilajit.
Shilajit manufactured by these processes has been tested and compared with the fossil shilajit. The physical and chemical properties are completely identical.
Solubility –Like the fossil shilajit,this Shilajit get dissolves completely in plain or warm water. When shilajit is poured over a glass of water, its particles start dissolving slowly in the water and within very short time of period it gets fully dissolve and give black golden color to water.
Insolubility –This shilajit is not soluble in vodka or alcohol. When shilajit is mixed with alcohol, it doesn’t not dissolve or mix properly with it and form some clots or so.
Flame – When this shilajit comes in contact with fire or flame, it does not burn or light but start bubbling to produce an ash like substance at the end.
Pliability – Pure shilajit will always hold its form and not separate into clumps. It can melt in hand and become sticky, goosy substance and becomes very hard when kept in refrigerator.
Foam –Two ml of this shilajit is dissolved with twenty ml of water and irritated for two minutes it makes foam like a honeycomb and the foam can remain for more than five minutes.
Pure Shilajit if consumed with milk, it has the taste of the black coffee.
Unique feature of your innovation :
Formation of Shilajit Compound by the biosynthesis of Phytoextreacts
Biochemical Processes For Isolation Of Shilajit From Phytoextreacts
Category Name :
Bioengineering / Biotech
Name of any other team members :
, Surendra Duklan
Surendra Duklan Cell No :
9634061225
E-mail :
[email protected]
Application of biochemical processes for the formation of shilajit, on the phytochemicals of medicinal plants,scientifically proves the hypothesis that the fossil shilajit ( natural),an ayurvedic & traditional medicine, is produced from the secondary metabolites of some plants by the geothermal pressure and other factors. Shilajit is sold all over the world as a food supplement & nutraceuticals for human consumption claiming medicines for many kinds of ailments.
These shrubs grows in the agricultural and barren lands in the world over in plenty and are not commercially utilized, as these shrubs does not yield any grass, timber and are not utilized by men and animals.
These products are produced from the shrubs which are perennial are sustainable .These can be consumed by people without any side effects. There are also such other products in the markets such as Shilajit and fulvic acid marketed by big aurvedic manufacturers but their products have-two shortcomings.1.sources of supply are very limited and 2. products are hypothetical.
Shilajit ,so far could not be analyzed & prepared synthetically by chemists.Shilajit is a natural compound formed from phytochemical Shilajit is a natural compound composed by many phytochemicals present in a medicinal plant- mainly triterpenoid saponins,phenolic acids,amino acids,carbohydrates,flavonoids, alkaloids,eldagic acid,carbohydrates & polysacchrides.
Present invention relates to the application of biotechnology for the manufacturing of Pure Shilajit Compound from a medicinal plant This invention explains processes of biosynthesis for the creation of pure shilajit compound from a natural plant material. Pure shilajit compound derived by the synthesis of the phyto extracts,is a novel product and an improvement over the existing product.Synthesis of the phyto extract for the formation of shilajit is a novel process over the natural process of the formation of shilajit.
There are hypothesises that shilajit is composed of the organic plant material of latex bearing plants, that have been compressed by the layers of rocks.Shilajit coming from the rocks formed millions of years ago of the geothermal pressure acting on biomass of plant material.The natural process of formation of shilajit is similar to the formation of fossil fuel.Shilajit is a pale brown to blackish brown exudes in the form of smooth and clean sticky product.
It is bitter in taste, with slight smell. The botanical name of Shilajit is Asphaltum (mineral pitch).Shilajit usually collected over the ground or is found flowing out from between fissures in the rocks in summer months due to strong heat of the sun. In India, it is found in the surroundings of the Himalayas: from Arunachal Pradesh in the east to Kashmir in the west. It is also found in Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, Nepal, Pakistan, Tibet, and Norway, where it is collected in small quantities from steep rock faces at altitudes between 1000 and 5000 m.
With this invention it takes a few hours to create pure shilajit compound compared to millions of years that nature took to produce shilajit. Present invention clearly develops the substance that is called shilajit with the scientific methods of formation & identification of constituents of shilajit.
Shilajit is sold all over the world as a food supplement & nutraceuticals for human consumption claiming medicines for many kinds of ailments.
Present invention solves the problems of the ambiguity about the source of the origin of shilajit, presents scientific process for the formation of it through the application of Biotechnology. Natural formation of Shilajit from the biomass is very slow process and at present these natural resources (sites of natural sources of shilajit) are being depleted, availability & extraction of shilajit is becoming and hazardous Therefore an attractive option for future supply of shilajit is synthesizing the biomass of a particular medicinal plant. The hazards of collection of shilajit and the scanty amount generally available in any one locale prompt unscrupulous traders to .adulterate it.
Natural formation of Shilajit from the biomass is very slow process and at present these natural resources (sites of natural sources of shilajit) are being depleted, availability & extraction of shilajit is becoming rare and hazardous.
Therefore an attractive option for future supply of shilajit is synthesizing the biomass of a particular medicinal plant.
The hazards of collection of shilajit and the scanty amount generally available in any one locale prompt unscrupulous traders to adulterate it.
The unique competitive advantages are that easy availability of pure shilajit as the product so far could not be industrially manufactured in the world.Shilajit has a very high demand and the prices of shilajit mare very high in the world over .Shilajit is sold in every market of the world without any scientific approval.There is not any concrete scientific data of its origin except the hypothesis.
The main competitive advantages are -1.This shilajit is produced scientifically from the phytochemicals can be anylysed and the constituents of the compound can be clinically tested for its health benefits. Thus the product can be manufactured and traded world over with scientific backing of proof of concept.
The processes of biochemical for the manufacturing of shilajit is complete. Shilajit manufactured by these processes has been tested and compared with the fossil shilajit. The physical and chemical properties are completely identical. The comparative results on persons tested for two years for lowering the high blood pressure, rejuvenation, potency & physical strength were very successful after consuming this manufactured shilajit.
Shilajit ,so far could not be analyzed & prepared synthetically by chemists.Shilajit is a natural compound formed from phytochemical (secondary metabolites of plants created naturally by the geothermal pressure.
The innovation will pave the way for micro and small scale industries in the rural areas. In INDIA Product by name of shilajit are openly manufactured and traded because the Drug Controller General of India allows firms to manufacture & sell the products, if they are described in the ancient texts.
Appearance: Sticky biomass & Concentrated liquid
Color: Dark brown
Taste: Bitter
Odor: Characteristic
pH of 2% aqueous solution 7.1
molecules present in shilajit preparations are eldagic acid, some fatty acids, resins, latex, gums, albumins, triterpenes, sterols, aromatic carboxylic acids, 3,4-benzocoumarins, amino acids, polyphenols, and phenolic lipids.
- Isolation of Shilajit Compound from Phytoextreacts of euphorbia royleana with the application of bio engineering processes.
With this invention it takes a few hours to create pure shilajit compound compared to millions of years that nature took to produce shilajit.
Object of the invention-With this invention it takes a few hours to create pure shilajit compound compared to millions of years that nature took to produce shilajit. Present invention clearly develops the substance that is called shilajit with the scientific methods of formation & identification of constituents of shilajit.
Shilajit is sold all over the world as a food supplement & nutraceuticals for human consumption claiming medicines for many kinds of ailments.
Present invention solves the problems of the ambiguity about the source of the origin of shilajit, presents scientific process for the formation of it through the application of Biotechnology. Natural formation of Shilajit from the biomass is very slow process and at present these natural resources (sites of natural sources of shilajit) are being depleted, availability & extraction of shilajit is becoming and hazardous Therefore an attractive option for future supply of shilajit is synthesizing the biomass of a particular medicinal plant. The hazards of collection of shilajit and the scanty amount generally available in any one locale prompt unscrupulous traders to .adulterate it.
Natural formation of Shilajit from the biomass is very slow process and at present these natural resources (sites of natural sources of shilajit) are being depleted, availability & extraction of shilajit is becoming rare and hazardous.
Therefore an attractive option for future supply of shilajit is synthesizing the biomass of a particular medicinal plant.
The problems of hazards of collection of shilajit and the scanty amount generally available in any one locale ,are overcome with this invention.
Abstract—
Application of polycondensation and & auto catalytic hydrothermolysis process on the phytochemicals of latex bearing plant, euphorbia royleana,scientifically proves the hypothesis that shilajit,an ayurvedic & traditional medicine is produced from the secondary metabolites of euphorbia royleana plant,is produced naturally by geothermal energy & hydrolysis.
Application of biotechnology by synthesizing the latex of euphorbia royleana through polycondensation process(presence of acids in the latex propagates the process of polymerization) & isolation of shilajit compound by auto catalytic hydrothermolysis (due to the presence of acids,such as phenolic acids ,amino acids ,carboxylic acids,& terpenes in the polymeric product-oleoresin) is an improvement over the natural process of the formation of shilajit compound.
Field of Invention-
Shilajit is a blackish-brown substance, which is very useful in many diseases and serves as a potent tonic. Traditionally it is also considered to increase virility, cure diabetes, and in Ayurvedic medicine system of India, it is used against various diseases.
Shilajit is the most important drug of Ayurvedic and folk- medicine systems. In the raw form it is a bituminous substance, which is a compact mass of vegetable organic matter composed of dark red gummy matrix. It is bitter in taste, and its smell resembles cow's stale urine. The botanical name of Shilajit is Asphaltum (mineral pitch).
Shilajit is a natural compound composed by many phytochemicals present in the latex of plant-euphorbia royleana mainly triterpenoid saponins,phenolic acids,amino acids,carbohydrates,flavonoids, alkaloids,eldagic acid,carbohydrates & polysacchrides.
Shilajit and Health-Shilajit is most important drug for many diseases. It was used as a drug in prehistoric periods. There is evidence of Shilajit (Silajatu) in the Indus civilization. Traditionally it is used as power increasing tonic. The following health properties are claime in Shilajit in the ayurvedic system of medicine.
Helps accelerate processes of protein and nucleic acid metabolism and stimulates energy providing reactions.
Counteracts Diabetes and regulates the blood sugar level.
Purifies blood, improves functioning of pancreas and strengthens digestion.
Reduces fat, dissolves tumours, and counteracts thirst.
Promotes the movement of minerals, especially calcium, phosphorous, and magnesium into muscle tissue and bone.
Stimulates the immune system and improves restoration (recovery) after exercise.
Increases levels of growth hormone in diabetic patients and is a potent anti-ulcer agent.
Shilajit usually collected over the ground or is found flowing out from between fissures in the rocks in summer months due to strong heat of the sun. Shilajit samples from different region of the world have different physiological properties. The natural process of formation of shilajit is similar to the formation of fossil fuel.In India it is found in the lower Himalaya at altitudes between 1000 to 5000 meters in Uttarakhand,Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir, Arunchal Pradesh it is also found in Afghanistan ,Nepal ,Bhutan, China, Tibet and the former USSR.Shilajit is a pale brown to blackish brown exudates in the form of smooth and clean sticky product.
Present invention relates to the application of bio engineering processes for the manufacturing of Pure Shilajit Compound from a medicinal plant Euphorbia Royleana.
Present invention describes the synthesis of the latex of euphorbia royleana.
This invention explains processes of Polycondensation and auto acid hydrothermolysis for the creation of pure shilajit compound from a natural plant material
Pure shilajit compound derived by the synthesis of the phytoextracts of euphorbia royleana,is a novel product and an improvement over the existing process- the natural process (geo thermal pressure) of the formation of shilajit.
Composition of Shilajit -Triterpenoids saponins glycosides, polysaccharides, polyacetylenes, peptides, and amino acids, have been isolated from this, saponins glycosides, and polysaccharides are the major and most unique constituents.
The hypothesises described in the ancient scriptures & many modern time researchers that shilajit is formed by the decomposition of plant material by microorgnims under the surface of earth,is not scientifically proved.As it is true that if the organic material is decomposed and decayed &destroyed by microorganism and converted to humus substances in soil.
As these hypothesis claim that Shilajit is formed by this humus. Humus in soil is claimed to contain humins (humic acid and fulvic acid).It is claimed that shilajit is composed of fulvic acid (80% of shilajit is claimed to be fulvic acid & remaining material are other organic material including pebbles).
Fulvic Acid contents in the soil are very low and the formation and extraction process are different.How this fulvic acid accumulates in a place comes out from the rocks.
Plants absorbs very little amount of fulvic acid in the form of a dibasic acid taken from the hydrolyzed soil. Remainining product of Decomposition of plant material (proteins,carbohydrates,fats aminoacids and organic minerals) by the microorganisms is quite different material from shilajit.
Experiments prove that shilajit is composed of the organic plant material of latex bearing plants that have been compressed by the layers of rocks.Shilajit coming from the rocks formed millions of years ago of the geothermal pressure acting on biomass of plant material.
Back ground of the Invention
The recognition of the commercial significance of shilajit with expanding applications and increasing evidence of their health benefits have prompted research on process development for the production of shilajit on a commercial-scale from natural sources.
Shilajit is being widely sold all over the world as a food supplement & nutraceutical for human consumption claiming medicines for many kinds of ailments.
Use of shilajit— Shilajit is an important, known component of the ayurvedic medicine given its characteristics as a rasayana. In this context, health benefits such as an increase in longevity, rejuvenating, and arresting aging roles have been attributed to it.
For a long time folk medicine like shilajit has been one of the highly valued herbs in Asian countries ,recently many clinical trials using these herbs have been undertaken in the western countries as in the eastern countries for diverse pharmacological and physiological effect of these products on the various diseases performed only on animal models.
Present invention solves the problems of the ambiguity about the source of the origin of shilajit,presents scientific process for the formation of it through the application of Biotechnology.
This invention also dispels the hypothesis about the fulvic acid as a major constituents of shilajit(it is generally assumed that shilajit contains more than 80% of shilajit)
It is scientifically proved that fulvic acid as a part of Humic substances are formed by the microbial degradation of dead plant matter, amounts by the action of millions of beneficial microbes, working on decaying plant matter in a soil.
Shilajit is a natural compound formed from phytochemical (secondary metabolites of plants ,mainly of Euphorbia royleana created naturally by the geothermal pressure working as polycondensation and hydrothermolysis of the biomass.
The polycondensated polymer of the latex of euphorbia royleana can be stored for unlimited time in open environment.
The partially hydrolysed polycondensate can also be stored in open environment for a long time (many years).It is not decayed or is decomposed by the bacteria or microorganisms.
Natural formation of Shilajit from the biomass is very slow process and at present these natural resources (sites of natural sources of shilajit) are being depleted, availability & extraction of shilajit is becoming and hazardous.
Therefore an attractive option for future supply of shilajit is synthesizing the biomass (latex of euphorbia royleana by the processes of .polycondensation and auto acid hydrothermolysis.
The hazards of collection of shilajit and the scanty amount generally available in any one locale prompt unscrupulous traders to adulterate it.
One species which was consistently found to be present in shilajit-bearing rocks, throughout the Eastern and the Western Himalayas, was a rich latex producing plant,Euphorbia royleana Boiss. (Euphorbiaceae).
Shilajit ,so far could not be analyzed & prepared synthetically by chemists.
The physical & chemical properties of shilajit, described by the ancient and modern time researchers are similar to the triterpenoid saponin which is a plant metabolite
The analysis of synthetically isolated shilajit compound shows the same phytochemical i.e. as the natural shilajit,having major constituents as triterpenoid glycosides instead of fulvic acid.
Modern time researchers' analysis of shilajit describe fulvic acid as a main component of shilajit compound.But it is not scientifically proved, as shilajit & fulvic acid could not be analyzed and prepared scientifically by chemists.
Fulvic acid is a humate product and is used as plant nutrient,no any scientific analysis of phytochemicals has isolated fulvic acid as a plant metabolites.The prevelant hypothesis for the formation of fulvic acid in the natural shilajit is decomposition of plant material by micro organisms.As created by nature organic fulvic acid are created by soil based micro organism (SBO'S).The SBO's consumed decayed prehistoric plant in humates deposites and created the substance known as fulvic acid.It is proved from the present invention that shilajit is a compound of phytochemical of euphorbia royleana just like the Korean Ginseng are metabolites of panax plant.
Shilajit is a natural compound composed by many phytochemicals present in the latex of plant-euphorbia royleana mainly triterpenoid saponins,phenolic acids,amino acids,carbohydrates,flavonoids, alkaloids,eldagic acid,carbohydrates & polysacchrides.
The physical & chemical properties of shilajit, described by the ancient and modern time researchers are similar to the triterpenoid saponin which is a plant metabolite
Properties of Triterpenoid saponins are as following -Colour -Dark brown,surface active agent,saponins share some unique biological properties including the ability to foam and lyse erythrocytes. triterpenoids tend to be acidic in pH,increase cell membrane permeability,Triterpenoids saponins are inherently lipophilic. However, these molecules tend to occur as glycosides. Because of the large size of the saponin molecules, what results is that one end of the molecule (where the glycone is attached) is hydrophilic and the other end (the head of the aglycone) is hydrophobic.These molecules make foam with water by agitation.
Thus it is proved from the assimilated physical and chemical properties that the so called fulvic acid compounds present in the shilajit compound are triterpenoid saponin compound.
The analysis of synthetically isolated shilajit compound shows the same phytochemical i.e. as the natural shilajit,having major constituents as triterpenoid glycosides instead of fulvic acid.
Prior Art-
Shilajit in Ayurveda-In the Charak Samhita, Shilajit is described as a product of four minerals: gold, silver, copper and iron, whereas Susruta Samhita included two more minerals, lead and zinc in its composition. According to the predominance of the minerals of the source rock, it was classified into four categories: Sauvarna, Rajat, Tamra and Lauha. The last variety Lauha shilajit or blackish-brown Shilajit is common and is supposed to be most effective. Charaka Samhita mentions that without the aid of Shilajit no curable disease can be alleviated.
According to Susruta Samhita 15,32-40, that obesity can be cured by taking enemas of drugs with liquefying properties which contain minerals like Silajatu, cow's urine, the three myrobalans, honey, barley etc. Traditionally people use it with pure milk to enhance energy, sexual and spiritual power.
Origin of Shilajit
Many researchers claim that Shilajit exuding from the rocks of mountains is basically derived from vegetative source. Several shlokas of Susruta Samhita and Rasarangini also maintain this point of view. According to Sushruta, in the months of May-June the sap or juice of plants comes out as gummy exudation from the rocks of mountains due to strong heat of sun and Rasarangini, Dwarishtarang also claim that the Shilajit is an exudation of latex gum-resin etc. of plants which comes from the rocks of mountains in presence of scorching heat. But the exact source of the origin of Shilajit is still under controversy.
There are several hypotheses regarding the origin of Shilajit:
The most strong scientific evidenceregarding organic nature and origin of silajatu was given by Ghosal, Reddy and Lal(1976). Silajatu was reported to contain a large number of organic compounds like sterols, triterpenes, ellagic acid, benzoicacid, m hydroxybenzoic acid, three bencoumarins and as many as eighteen free amino acids. The analysis of latex of Euphorbia royleana collected in summer month from the plant growing in the vicinityof silajatu exuding rocks of U.P. Himalayas,revealed the presence of identical organic compounds in it which was very constituents of Silajatu are primarily derived from the latex of E. Royleana heated up by the sun’s rays and not the other adjascent similar rocks.The geological studies carried out on black silajatu bearing rocks from U.P. Himalayas has revealed that there was no predominance of iron in the rock samples and silajatu was not related to any particular variety of mineral of rock. The finding was consistent with Chakrapani who opined in his commentary of Charak Samhita that various types of silajatu are not derived from gold,silver, copper and iron bearing rocks Hemadisabdeneha hemadisambhavasthabhta silocyate yato na saksat svarnadibhya eva silajatu bhavati.
Charak Samhita describes shilajit as stones of metal like gold. Susrut samhita a gelatineous substance Rasrangini and Dwarishtarang also claim that shilajit is an exdudate of a latex gum resin of plants.
Considering its unique composition as a phytocomplex, very rich in fulvic acid, researchers hypothesize that Shilajit is produced by the decomposition of plant material from species such as Euphorbia royleana.
Other molecules present in shilajit preparations are eldagic acid, some fatty acids, resins, latex, gums, albumins, triterpenes, sterols , triterpenes, ellagic acid, benzoicacid, m hydroxybenzoic acid, three bencoumarins and as many as eighteen free amino acids.
Shilajit obtained from the fossil biomass is scarce and very limited.All the ancient scripture and modern scientific research proves that the formation is a bio product.With this invention it takes a few hours to create pure shilajit compound compared to millions of years that nature took to produce shilajit.
Detailed Technical Description
.Euphorbia Royleana Boiss are latex bearing plants of euphorbia family. There are more than 2000 species of euphorbia family in the world, many of them bear latex. Euphorbia Royleana Boiss grows in wild stage in many parts of world.. It also grows in the arid and semi arid regions of the world.
Latex is a colloidy solution of low molecular weight resin particles in water. This natural compound contains resin, rubber, proteins and diluted acids. It looks like the latex of natural rubber.
Plants produce a vast and diverse assortment of organic compounds, the great majority of which do not appear to participate directly in their growth and development. These substances, traditionally referred to as secondary metabolites or plant natural products, often are distributed among limited taxonomic groups within the plant kingdom. The functions of secondary metabolites have been associated with attributes useful to the plants e.g. protection against herbivores and protection against microbial infection, as attractants for pollinators and seed-dispersing animals, and as compounds that influence competition among plant species (There is a growing interest in plant natural products, since these products often have a wide range of applications in different kinds of industries, including pharmaceutical industries, cosmetic industries, food industries, detergent industries, etc.
Condensation & Hydrothermolysis process for the isolation of pure shilajit compound from the latex is completed by taking the following steps;
1.Tapping
To harvest latex,(milky sap) a worker shaves off a slanted strip of bark halfway around the tree and about one third in (0.84 cm) deep. Precise skill is required for if the tree is cut too deeply, the tree will be irreparably damaged. If the cut is too shallow, the maximum amount of latex will not flow. The latex then bleeds out of the severed vessels, flows down along the cut until it reaches a spout, and finally drops into a collection cup that will later be drained.
A tapper first collects the cut lump, which is coagulated latex in the cup, and tree lace, which is latex coagulated along the old cut. Next, the tapper makes a new cut. The latex first flows rapidly, then declines to a steady rate for a few hours, after which it slows again.
Composition of Euphorbia Royleana Latex-
1.Physical appearance - Milky white
Ph - 6.5
Specific gravity - 1.7
Viscosity - (cps) 9.00
Solid contents - 28 to 30%
2 Coagulated Solids
Resin - 80%
Hydrocarbon - 5%
Proteins - 14%
Ash - 1%
The process is completed as following
Latex is collected by inserting a small wound on the stem of a mature plant.The collected latex is boiled. After cooling the latex becomes solid. The coagulation process makes resin particles bunch together .The solid latex is completely dried in the sunlight
3.The process of Polycondensation of the dried latex is accomplished by melt methods, a mixture of the initial compounds is heated for a long period to 100°-120°C above the melting (softening) point of the resultant polymer;
The process is completed as following.
Latex is polymerized through condensation process. The latex contains organic acids.These acids (amino acids ,phenolic acids,terpenes ) act as initiator(propagator) in the condensation process,This process is completed in a reactor fitted with stirrer, Condenser, Oil bath heating electric system and temperature indicators.The process starts with the Temperature of 120 C the and the condensation polymerization is completed with the temp of 180C .The resultant product is an Oleo resin,having viscous,sticky and dark brown colour,without any essence.
Due to the presence (natural bonding) of acid in the bio molecules of the plant derived extract (latex), double bond is formed during the condensation polymerization process. The resultant product is an Oleo resin,having viscous,sticky and dark brown colour,without any essence.Pure dark brown oleoresin is obtained.
Polycondensation processes include up to three distinct process stages:
1- prepolymerization, 2- polymerization, and 3-finishing.
Polycondensation polymerization Process – A process for the production of polymers from bifunctional and polyfunctional compounds (monomers), by the elimination of low-molecular weight by-products (for example, water, alcohols, and hydrogen halides).
Triterpenoids or triterpenoid saponins are pentacyclic molecules that are ultimately synthesized from isoprene. Glycosides in general, are defined as the condensation products of sugars (including polysaccharides)
In all cases of condensation, molecules with projecting -H atoms are linked to other molecules with projecting -OH groups, producing H2O, ( H.OH ) also known as water, which then moves away from the original molecules.
In carbohydrates, the sub-units to be joined are monosaccharides like glucose. Both of the groups which combine are -OH groups, (even though there are many single -H atoms on a glucose molecule). Joining two -OH groups with the removal of H2O results in a disaccharide containing an -O- bridge between the 2 monosaccharide units. Between glucose units, these bonds are usually between carbon 1 of one glucose molecule and carbon 4 or 6 on the other. Depending on the direction of the -OH group at carbon 1, it may be called an alpha or a beta linkage. The bond so formed is called a glycosidic bond or link. These links can be extended many times, resulting in the production of polysaccharides.
Hydrothermolysis Process for the Isolation of Shilajit from the oleoresin formed by polycondensation process of latex of Euphorbia royleana;
This process starts with the dissolving of oleo resin in the boiling distilled water, derived from the latex of Euphorbia royleana by the polycondensation process.Biomass material ( oleoresin )is hydrolysed using temperatures of about 130°C for the easily hydrolysable polysaccharides. This extraction process involves disruption of the internal cell structure and release of intracellular product to facilitate mass transfer, which is achieved by rapid and selective heating of the oleo resin in water.
Hydrothermolysis is completed in a reaction vessel .The optimum conditions were determined in dependence on temperature, flow rate of the eluting water and influence of stirring on the reaction mixture. Up to 5% pure shilajit compound can be obtained by hydrolysing the oleoresin with pure water at 130°C.
Drying of the dissolved compound-With the above processes of polycondensation and hydrothermolysis a reddish brown compound is extracted by squeezing the processed mass of the oleoresin of the latex.This compound is dissolved shilajit in plenty of water.
This water is evaporated slowly ,until thick dark brown shilajit is formed.
It is bitter in taste, with slight smell.
Appearance - Sticky biomass & Concentrated liquid
Color - Dark brown
Taste - Bitter
Odor - Characteristic
pH of 2% aqueous solution - 7.1
Testing of the efficacy of this Shilajit compound derived from the phytoextracts of Euphorbia royleana.
The comparative results on persons tested for two years for lowering the high blood pressure, rejuvenation, potency & physical strength were very successful after consuming this manufactured shilajit.
Shilajit manufactured by these processes has been tested and compared with the fossil shilajit. The physical and chemical properties are completely identical.
Solubility –Like the fossil shilajit,this Shilajit get dissolves completely in plain or warm water. When shilajit is poured over a glass of water, its particles start dissolving slowly in the water and within very short time of period it gets fully dissolve and give black golden color to water.
Insolubility –This shilajit is not soluble in vodka or alcohol. When shilajit is mixed with alcohol, it doesn’t not dissolve or mix properly with it and form some clots or so.
Flame – When this shilajit comes in contact with fire or flame, it does not burn or light but start bubbling to produce an ash like substance at the end.
Pliability – Pure shilajit will always hold its form and not separate into clumps. It can melt in hand and become sticky, goosy substance and becomes very hard when kept in refrigerator.
Foam –Two ml of this shilajit is dissolved with twenty ml of water and irritated for two minutes it makes foam like a honeycomb and the foam can remain for more than five minutes.
Pure Shilajit if consumed with milk, it has the taste of the black coffee.