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Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Disease

Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among both men and women in the United States and, as such, is associated with high costs in terms of health care, morbidity, and mortality. An important aspect of the fight to reduce CVD is the development of diagnostic tests t
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Electrospinning of Hollow Nanofibers

Introduction One of the problems associated with nanoscale fabrication is the ability to manufacture hollow nanofibers made of polymers, ceramics, and composite materials. Other challenges include making the hollow nanofibers at varying lengths and aligning the completed fibers into specific orienta
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Method of Detecting, Characterizing, and Quantifying Bulk, Light- Element Materials Using High-Energy, Penetrating X-Rays

Introduction X-rays have long been used in the characterization of a wide variety of materials. However, conventional techniques for dealing with light-element (or low-Z) materials, such as those containing nitrogen and carbon, are too low in energy to penetrate significant distances into enclosing
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Sol-gel-coated Implantable Devices

Highlights Method for coating uneven surfaces with sol-gel polymers Current coating methods unable to provide complete, uniform coating of non-contiguous surfaces such as those found in stents and orthopaedic screws Sol-gel polymers can incorporate therapeutic, antibacterial, or other materials t
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Semiconductor-metal Hybrid Nanoparticles As Photocatalysts

Highlights Hybrid nanoparticles consisting of metal and semiconductor material produce efficient photocatalysts for chemical reactions, splitting water, decontamination and other applications Can be used to harness solar energy and generate hydrogen from splitting water or produce electrical ener
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The Unit for Nanoscopic Characterization

Objective Develop and operate user-oriented analytical facilities Aid researchers from the University and external customers in performing a variety of characterization measurements Support multidisciplinary research and "hands-on" technological education at The Hebrew University Services provide
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An Efficient Mammalian DNA Insulator Element

Introduction A boundary element (MINE for myc insulator element) has been discovered which efficiently functions as both an enhancer blocker as well as a barrier element in chromosomal DNA. Technology description MINE will be useful in vectors for gene transfer into a variety of cell types, in both
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Signal Amplification Method for SPR-based Chemical Detection

Introduction Surface plasma resonance (SPR) is a general spectroscopic method for sensing refractive index changes near the surface of a metal film. Its sensitivity to these changes provides a versatile platform for the observation and quantitation of chemical reactions and intermolecular binding at
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An optical spectroscopic approach for quantifying Hb/Mb ratio noninvasively noninvasively

Introduction Impaired blood flow and mitochondrial defects are involved in a wide variety of metabolic and degenerative diseases. The inability to quantify tissue hemoglobin (Hb) content presents a significant barrier to non-invasive assessment of regional mitochondrial function in blood flow. Techn
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Non-toxic protocol to establish paraoxonase 1 (PON1) status

Introduction Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a member of a three-gene family localized on human chromosome 7. Due to its role in the metabolism of both lipids and organophosphorus (OP) compounds, genetic variability in PON1 has been examined by many research groups as a risk factor for vascular and other d
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Platelet Clotting Force Array

Introduction Advances in microfluidic technology are constantly opening doors to new and exciting applications, such as point-of-care diagnostic devices. These microscale diagnostic platforms will enable faster, cheaper, and more accurate patient evaluation for a wide array of parameters. One such p
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A Microfluidic Device and Methodology for Rapid, Quantitative Determination of Analyte Concentration in a Fluid Sample

Advances in microfluidic technology are constantly opening doors to new and exciting applications, especially for biosensors and environmental monitoring. One recent area of interest is point-of-care diagnostic devices. These devices provide fast, accurate, and inexpensive sample analysis. Recent ad
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Device for Increasing Tire Friction and Method of Using the Same

A revolutionary new alternative tire traction device (ATTD); a unique apparatus for preventing slipping of a tire under winter weather conditions; smart and simple decision solving a lot of the difficulties and disadvantages of the currently existing conventional tire snow chains and other ATTDs. It
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Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Disorders

Introduction Neurodegenerative disorders (ND) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and dementia with Lewy body (DLB), are currently diagnosed by clinical presentations, laboratory investigations and structural and functional neuroimaging analysis. However, diagnostic accuracy
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Esophageal Coupling Device

Esophageal atresia with tracheal esophageal fitula occurs in approximately 1 in 1500-5000 newborns. This is a congenital defect in which the esophagus does not form a continuous connection to the stomach and instead ends in a pouch. Without treatme nt, the condition is fatal. Current treatments invo
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Antibody Fusion Proteins for treating Cancer

University of California researchers have developed a family of antibody fusion proteins with a potential for various therapeutic applications. These inventions represent both novel technologies and products with novel applications. These UC fusion proteins combine an antibody with various cytoki
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Phosphorylation of Histone H2B as a Marker for Cell Proliferation and Differentiation in Development and Disease

BACKGROUND: Determining the cell cycle state of human cells can provide an important method for early detection of cancerous growth, especially the detection of cells at the G2/M phase of beginning cell division, or mitosis. However, current cell cycle detection methods cannot be correlated unambigu
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Detection of ATM Mutations and Polymorphisms with MEGA-SSCP

BACKGROUND: Ataxia telangiectasia is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive cerebellar degeneration, immunodeficiency, growth retardation, premature aging, chromosomal instability, acute sensitivity to ionizing radiation, and a predisposition to cancer, particularly breast canc
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Outer Membrane Protein B1 as a Vaccine for Branhamella Catarrhalis

The present invention encompasses nucleotide sequences derived from Moraxella catarrhalis which encode one or more epitopes of its outer membrane protein B1. Recombinant B1 protein or B1 peptides may be produced from genetically engineered host cells that contain and express these nucleotide sequenc
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Design of Active Materials and Structures based on Composites of Shape Memory Alloy and Shape Memory Polymer

Introduction Shape memory alloys (SMA) and shape memory polymers (SMP) have shown tremendous promise for a wide variety of applications because of their ability to “remember” a previous state when heated. However, they can only remember a single shape. The ability to remember two shapes would make t
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Programmable Logic Controller Safety System for Surgical Robot

Introduction Surgical robotics is revolutionizing the way in which clinicians deliver health care. As the field of surgical robotics continues to evolve, it is important to keep patient safety in mind. A surgical robot presents a complex software and hardware system with strong requirements for safe
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Helmet System

The Helmet System was designed for use on any type of helmet to give the wearer the option to change shells & liners effortlessly for seasonal wear or design preferences. It allows for quick and easy cleaning & the ability to function as a multi purpose helmet, but most importantly it was designed
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Mixed Phase Thin Film Capacitor

This invention describes a method for the fabrication of a thin-film capacitor with high dielectric constant and low leakage. It relies on special methods of depositing the dielectric material to achieve both a high dielectric constant and low leaka ge current and is useful in applications that requ
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Platelet Clotting Force Array

Introduction Advances in microfluidic technology are constantly opening doors to new and exciting applications, such as point-of-care diagnostic devices. These microscale diagnostic platforms will enable faster, cheaper, and more accurate patient evaluation for a wide array of parameters. One such p
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Profiled Regulatory Sites Useful for Gene Control

Introduction The invention provides methods for quantitative profiling of chromatin sensitivity to a DNA modifying agent. The invention also relates to methods for identifying regulatory sites in a genomic locus and to methods for determining chromatin architecture in a genomic locus. The invention
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G-protein Coupled Glutamate Receptors

Introduction Glutamate plays a major, widespread role in the control of neuroendocrine neurons, possibly controlling not only the neuroendocrine system but other hypothalamic regions as well. There are four major subclasses of glutamate receptor, one of which is coupled to a membrane-bound, GTP-bind
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Three-Dimensional Imaging Towards Three-Dimensional Velocity

Introduction Particle Image Velocimetry has become a widely used quantitative flow visualization technique in today’s fluid mechanics research due to its ability to provide non-intrusive, highly resolved measurement of planar velocity fields. With the use of ever-advancing CCD cameras, digital d
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Chromosome 1 gene and gene products related to Alzheimer's disease

Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating, neurodegenerative progressive disorder and is a common disease in the elderly and is the predominant cause of dementia in people over 65 years of age. The prevalence of AD is estimated to be as high as 18.7% and 47.2% for the 75-84 year and >=8
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Automatic Ranking of Product Reviews According to Helpfulness

Highlights A system for sorting through thousands of book reviews to rank the most helpful Identifies helpful information in reviews and automatically ranks them Human evaluators’ choice of most helpful reviews corresponded with the MLLM’s choice 85% of the time Can be used for all types of produ
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Directed Client-side IP Spraying

Highlights The system recognises significant search terms and replicates a search-term-specific portions of a search engine’s complete searchable database to provide a database that contains only relevant targets Avoids the bottleneck produced by large numbers of searchers inputting general searc
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Networked Surgical Robot Control System

Introduction The individual soldier remains the most valuable asset of the military and in spite of the current emphasis on the threat of weapons of mass destruction, and biological warfare, attending to the soldier's needs when they become a casualty remains a top priority. There is a significan
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Instrumentation and Optical Design for a High-Performance SPR Imager

Introduction Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) microscopy is a method to detect an analyze particles. SPR sensors work by shining a polarized light beam at an internally reflecting surface within a piece of glass which is coated with a metal on the outside, typically gold is used. This creates two opt
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Identification of Genes Involved in Cell Viability

Introduction Genes involved in cell viability are targets for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic products related to aging. This technology encompasses methods, reagents, and pharmacological agents useful for extending life spans. Technology description Chronological lifespan in yeast has been
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Fabrication of Electroninc and Microfluidic Structures on Elastomeric Materials

Introduction It has long been desired to have microfabrication techniques that enable the construction of integrated electromechanical devices for such things as reagent handling, temperature control, and pumping. Commercially available microfluidic devices are predominantly fabricated in expensive
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A Compact integrated Electro-Optic Based Interferometer

Introduction Interferometry uses the principles of constructive and destructive interference to combine two or more waveforms, such as light, to form a phase-dependent source of the two signals. It is used to compare light from two or more sources to obtain measurements with higher resolution and pr
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Signal Amplification Method for SPR-based Chemical Detection

Introduction Surface plasma resonance (SPR) is a general spectroscopic method for sensing refractive index changes near the surface of a metal film. Its sensitivity to these changes provides a versatile platform for the observation and quantitation of chemical reactions and intermolecular binding at
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A Rapid Microfluidic Immunoassay for Quantitative Measurement of Interactions among One or More Analytes

Introduction There is a need for rapid and versatile means to quantitatively measure binding interactions between analytes. Most conventional competitive assays are carried out in an ELISA format for which the time to assay a sample can take several hours. In order to obtain quantitative data using
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Automated Genetic Approaches in Yeast to Identify Novel Drug Targets for Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease

Introduction Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease are the two most common neurodegenerative disorders in the world, affecting at least 11 million people in developed countries. To date there are very few drugs on the market for these devastating disorders, and the drugs that are available pro
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Needle Probe for Single and Two-Photon Determination of Human Retinal Health

Introduction Laser imaging of the retina is a well-developed field that has generated state-of-theart scanning laser ophthalmoscopes (SLOs). Autofluorescent materials have been developed that can image the structure of the retina, but are only activated at ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths (200-400 nm).
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Endoscopic Imaging Devices Using Micromotor Scanners

Introduction Endoscopes are increasingly involved in performing common surgical procedures and in diagnosing cancer and other medical conditions. New technologies can demonstrate significant cost savings by moving these procedures from an inpatient to an outpatient setting. Technology description Re
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Edible Coating for Crispy Texture in Processed Food

University of California researchers have discovered that a sweet-corn extract can be used to modify the texture of processed foods to improve their crispiness. The extract may be applied as an edible coating or added directly to the food item prior to processing. After application of the extract, t
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Moisture-Resistant Adhesive Polypeptides

BACKGROUND: Surgical tissue adhesives provide an alternative to suturing, packing, or stapling planes of tissue together. Use of adhesives for wound closure is desirable since adhesives can be very fast acting and assure complete closure. Marine adhesives (such as those used by barnacles) can functi
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Robust Real Time Pattern Matching

Highlights Proprietary algorithm for pattern matching in both static and dynamic applications Computer vision software for extracting and analyzing information from images Simple, fast method for use by industrial robots and vision based systems for assembly, manufacturing and inspection Applicat
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Central Medical Image Storage Respository

This invention outlines the establishment of a central digital medical image repository that can be used by multiple institutions within a region or multi-site radiological imaging network. The invention streamlines and reduces the cost of imaging storage and retrieval when compared to traditional
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Non-toxic protocol to establish paraoxonase 1 (PON1) status

Introduction Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a member of a three-gene family localized on human chromosome 7. Due to its role in the metabolism of both lipids and organophosphorus (OP) compounds, genetic variability in PON1 has been examined by many research groups as a risk factor for vascular and other d
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Biomarker for Caries Risk Assessment

Introduction Although dental caries (tooth decay) is largely preventable, it remains the most common chronic disease of children aged 5 to 17 years. According to the CDC, it is five times more common than asthma. Extensive research indicates that dental caries is the result of a bacterial infection
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Respiratory Detection System (RDS)

Introduction Respiration rates are an important indicator of cellular and metabolic states in cells ranging from mammalian to bacterial, from individuals to large populations. Unfortunately, conventional techniques have significant drawbacks: for instance, electrochemical techniques have low sensiti
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Advanced Biomimetic Surfaces for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)

Introduction Raman spectroscopy characterizes molecules by their Raman scattering. As incoming light scatters off a molecule, most does so elastically, neither gaining nor losing energy, and this is known as Rayleigh scattering. Some of this light, however, about 1 in 10 million photons, is the subj
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New Optical Mixer for Microfluidics

Introduction One of the fastest growing areas of microfluidics research involves the development of Labon- a-Chip (LOC) technology. LOCs combine several laboratory processes on a chip commonly only millimeters in size while manipulating liquid volumes of picoliter size or less. In order to effective
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Programmable Generation and Transport of Droplets on Microscale Surface Texture Ratchets

Introduction Advances in microfluidic technology are constantly opening doors to new and exciting applications. Currently, many laboratory processes can be combined on a single chip commonly only millimeters in size while manipulating liquid volumes of picoliter size or less. In order to effectively
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Forensic Security Fo the Home - "Chain Reaction"

FORENSIC DNA TRACE FOR THE HOME StranDNA (UK) Limited is a new company with offices in Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom who are offering Sales, Installation & Data Basing regarding a totally new and innovative access control system given the name “Chain Reaction” this unique security product pla
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Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Disease

Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among both men and women in the United States and, as such, is associated with high costs in terms of health care, morbidity, and mortality. An important aspect of the fight to reduce CVD is the development of diagnostic tests t
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RimPro-Tec (Wheel Band)

RimPro-Tec Wheel Protection Patents and Trademarks in 97 countries world wide . RimPro-Tec adds innovation to the market with a patented 3-component design that puts an attractive band of tough plastic between valuable wheels and hazards like kerbs. RimPro-Tec is a quick installation two piec
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System and Method for Dynamically Activating and Deactivating Power Supply to a Water Tank Motor

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of automated switching on and switching-off electronic/electrical devices. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a system and method for dynamically activating and deactivating power supply to a water tank motor. [0002] Typicall
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Novel Antisense Agent

University of California scientists have synthesized novel oligonucleotide analogs for use in antisense and related applications. Unlike ordinary DNA and RNA strands, the U.C. analogs incorporate modifications to the sugar-phosphate backbone that alter electrostatic properties of the strand. These c
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Method and Probes for the Identification of Microbial Genes specifically induced during Host Infection

BACKGROUND: Pathogenic microbes express certain virulence properties only during the infection of a host. Attempts to identify these virulence factors and to develop methods to control infections by these pathogens have been limited by the inability of researchers to accurately mimic the in vivo con
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Enzyme for Antimicrobial and Vaccine Development

Scientists at the University of California have shown that a specific enzyme is an essential regulator of Salmonella virulence. This enzyme is prevalent in many organisms including most enterobacteria, certain gram negative and gram positive bacteria, as well as archaebacteria. It is expected that t
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Method of Detecting, Characterizing, and Quantifying Bulk, Light-Element Materials Using High-Energy, Penetrating X-Rays

Introduction X-rays have long been used in the characterization of a wide variety of materials. However, conventional techniques for dealing with light-element (or low-Z) materials, such as those containing nitrogen and carbon, are too low in energy to penetrate significant distances into enclosing
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Stabilization of Taxane Formulations

The clinical development of taxanes has been hampered by poor aqueous solubility, which necessitates administration of the drug in a vehicle such as Cremophor EL mixed with ethanol. Unfortunately, the formulation vehicle causes a variety of adverse r eactions, including anaphylactic hypersensitivity
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A Microfluidic Device and Methodology for Rapid, Quantitative Determination of Analyte Concentration in a Fluid Sample

Introduction Advances in microfluidic technology are constantly opening doors to new and exciting applications, especially for biosensors and environmental monitoring. One recent area of interest is point-of-care diagnostic devices. These devices provide fast, accurate, and inexpensive sample analys
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Projection Display for Small Handheld Devices

Introduction At present, the size of the display screen in handheld electronic devices is limited by the overall size of the device itself. With continuing miniaturization of cellphones, MP3 video players, PDAs, bar code scanners and similar mobile devices, display of legible information and useful
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Wearable Low Vision Aids Using Retinal Light Scanning Technologies

Introduction Severe visual impairment (those persons classified as legally blind) affects over 1 million Americans currently. With the aging of the U.S. population, this visually impaired segment is expected to rise at 10 times the rate of general population growth. Technology description Researcher
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True Three-Dimensional (3-D) Display with Focus Cues

Introduction When viewing a real scene, not everything in the scene is in focus at any given time. Instead the individual viewing the scene accommodates (adjusts the focus of the eye) to bring objects at various distances into focus. Current stereographic displays tend to cause profound eye fatigue
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Prosthesis to Photo-Stimulate Retinal Neurons for Sight Restoration

Introduction It is estimated that 1 million people in the United States and 40 million worldwide are legally blind. Approximately 25% of these cases are caused by inactive photoreceptors in the eye. Macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa are the predominant causes, and there are currently no
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Motor-Generator

An invention in which, due to the non-standard method of generation and unique design of the motor-generator, the electric motor and the generator modes are combined into one and are connected inseparably. As a result, on applying the load, the interaction between the magnetic fields of the stato
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Circular Dichroism Imaging Microscope

Introduction Circular dichroism (CD) instruments are typically limited in their ability to image and analyze samples in organized media. Twinned crystals, liquid crystals, fibers, and biological tissues can be challenging to work with and CD imaging has typically been restricted to samples in isotro
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Self-Assembly of Hybrid Components for OLED and Flexible Displays

Introduction The market for flat panel displays is projected to reach $125 billion by 2012. Flexible displays are a fast-growing segment of this market, forecast to reach $120 billion by 2020. Cost-effective methods for low cost, high volume production of these displays at increasingly larger
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Microcellular Foaming of Cyclic Olefin Copolymer (COC)

Introduction Cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) is a commercially available thermoplastic. It possesses exceptional clarity in its natural form, similar to that of glass, and it has high moisture resistance and low absorption rates. This thermoplastic’s many qualities make it an exceptional candidate for
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Update of Dynamic Change of Focus for True 3D, Scanned Retinal Images

Introduction Generating true 3-D computer displays will enable the creation of more realistic and informative images, allowing improved functionality when relying on visual display data. Technology description Researchers at the UW have developed a spatial light modulator for changing optical wavefr
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Shear Sensitive Paint for High-Resolution 2-Dimensional Shear Stress Measurements Over Dynamic Surfaces

Introduction The friction created by air or water moving across an aircraft, vehicle, or boat can have a large impact on efficiency and performance. Extensive design work in air or water tunnels is typically carried out to minimize these frictional losses. The ability to measure friction or shear fo
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Microscope for unfolded images of birefringence, extinction, and transmission at millisecond time resolution

Introduction Birefringence imaging techniques are employed in a variety of industrial settings, including engineering strain modeling and quality control for textile production. One of the drawbacks of currently available birefringence imaging systems is the long lag time required for each image to
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Fabrication of Gold Nanocages and Cubic Nanoframes for Biomedical Treatment through Etching Nanoboxes

Introduction Because of their small sizes and unique properties, nanomaterials are finding widespread use in studying complex biological systems. Gold nanostructures have been the subject of intensive research because of their unique and tunable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties. Because of
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Portable Robot-Assisted Surgery Master Station

Introduction Robotic telesurgery is a new field with great potential to overhaul the way surgical care is delivered at home, in the field, and to remote or extreme environments. In robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery, the operating surgeon uses a robotic interface device (the master) to contro
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The Multiple Drug Resistance Gene, Polymorphisms, and uses Thereof

Introduction Multiple drug resistance is a well-documented phenomenon and critical problem in the treatment of various diseases including cancer and HIV. While there are many mechanisms leading to multiple drug resistance, one area of focus is the MDR1 gene and its protein product P-glycoprotein (Pg
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Fabrication of Gold Nanocages and Cubic Nanoframes for Biomedical Treatment through Etching Nanoboxes

Introduction Because of their small sizes and unique properties, nanomaterials are finding widespread use in studying complex biological systems. Gold nanostructures have been the subject of intensive research because of their unique and tunable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties. Because of
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Recombinant AAV Vectors for Hepatic Gene Therapy

Introduction The liver is the target of a number of different viral infections and other disorders. Despite the impressive progress in biomedical sciences during the last decades, the therapy of many liver diseases remains unsatisfactory. There is a need for efficient alternative therapeutic approac
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In Vivo Drug Discovery Assay for Otoprotective Compounds

Introduction A number of commonly used drugs are known to kill hair cells in the mammalian inner ear and cause dose-dependent sensorineural hearing loss. Most notably, aminoglycoside antibiotics and platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents are known to cause irreversible hearing damage. While these dr
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BCRP expressing cell lines

Introduction The breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) is an ATP-binding cassette efflux transporter originally identified by its ability to confer multidrug resistance in cancer cells. BCRP mediates the efflux transport of a broad spectrum of substrates, including many drugs routinely administere
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Semiconductor Quantum Rod Lasers in a Cylindrical Microcavity

Highlights Development of nanocrystals on a variety of surfaces such as the inner surface of a cylindrical microcavity, a planar surface, a waveguide, or optical cavity structure on a chip Lower threshold for lasing than spherical dots Leverages quantum confinement effect for development of broad
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Microfabricated multiplexed devices for sample application and sample delivery to a microelectrospray-mass spectrometer

Introduction The most conclusive and reliable protein identification method is based on correlating collision-induced dissociation (CID) mass spectra of peptides with sequence databases. CID spectra of peptides are most frequently generated by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS
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Droplet Compartmentalization for Chemical Separations and On-Line Sampling

Introduction The ability to separate complex mixtures of chemicals and biomolecules is an important component of any chemical synthesis or biological processing. To date, there is no technology available to combine the high resolution of analytical separations with monodisperse droplet generation. I
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MAGI-CCR5 Cells

Introduction Chemokines are a large family of chemotactic proteins, which regulate leukocyte activation and recruitment to sites of inflammation. Human chemokine receptor CCR-5 was shown to serve as a major human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coreceptor for T- and M-tropic HIV-1 isolates, re
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Self-Assembly of Hybrid Components for OLED and Flexible Displays

Introduction The market for flat panel displays is projected to reach $125 billion by 2012. Flexible displays are a fast-growing segment of this market, forecast to reach $120 billion by 2020. Cost-effective methods for low cost, high volume production of these displays at increasingly larger
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Solution Processable n-Type polymers

Introduction Conjugated polymers and organic semiconductors promise great advances in electronics because of the benefits they offer over silicon, including being cheaper with less demanding manufacturing requirements and allowing for larger, more flexible, and more robust materials that are more re
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Design of Thermal Interface Material Based on High Temperature Shape Memory Alloy for Connecting Two Thermoelectric Legs

Introduction Efficient heat management is crucial for electronics to optimize performance and to avoid premature component deterioration. An area of primary concern is at the interface of adjoining thermal components, such as with heatsink interfaces and with connections between thermoelectric legs.
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Low-Gain Double-Sampling Switched-Capacitor Circuitry

Introduction In the electronic circuit industry, there is a continuing effort to increase circuit speeds as well as decrease circuit device sizes. As circuit designs become more advanced, circuits become faster, smaller and are able to operate with less voltage and power. In switched-capacitor circu
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Mechanically Controllable Microwave Phase Shifters

Introduction Researchers at the UW have developed a low-cost microwave phase shifter that will be a key component of the ground station antenna for the proposed high-speed satellite based internet connection. The designs use a low-power electro-active polymer (EAP) as an actuator. Technology descrip
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Auto-Tuning Amplifier

Introduction In wireless communications and wireless products, architectures can be complex and space-consuming due to the need for circuitry that receives signals from multiple bands. System complexity and increased size leads to higher costs; thus, design improvements that save space and decrease
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An Electrochromic Smart Window Based on a Three-electrode Configuration

Introduction Electrochromic (EC) polymer films in an electrolyte solution are generally electrochemically switched between states using a standard three-electrode configuration. Devices made from these films, however, are operated using a twoelectrode configuration. When the potential drop between t
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Embedded Haptics in Cell Phone Dialing

Introduction Handheld devices such as cellphones and PDAs have been increasing in complexity over the last few years. These devices can now handle large amounts of data, but the avenues for inputting data are severely limited. A more flexible channel for entering data into handheld devices would all
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Charge-based frequency measurement BIST

Introduction Analog and mixed-signal testing is an important issue that affects both the time-to-market and product cost of many modem electronic systems. One key to the success of products with these properties is Built-In Self-Test (BIST) of circuits and systems. Although BIST for digital integrat
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Connector-Nut Driver

Introduction With the growing importance placed on compactness, it becomes increasingly difficult to install and maintain necessary equipment. This can be especially problematic with connectors, such as with electrical tubing connectors and nuts, that require hands-on tightening. The connector’s loc
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Surface Plasmon Resonance Chemical Electrode

Introduction Sensors based the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect sense the refractive index of a thin region adjacent to the sensing surface. If there are several different species present in solution at the surface of the sensor, the sensor will measure an effective index of refraction which i
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Self-Bias and Digitally Tunable Conduction Angle Circuits for Differential RF Non-linear Power Amplifier Employing Low-Voltage Transistors

Introduction Transistor feature sizes are scaling to smaller and smaller dimensions in order to maximize the level of integration and operating speed of system-on-chip solutions. Unfortunately, lower breakdown voltages of the transistors accompany the smaller physical dimensions. This is problematic
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Self-Assembled, Fixed Heterojunctions in Organic Semiconducting Polymers

Introduction Polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) are experiencing increasing scientific and industrial interest as solid-state sources of luminescence, thanks to their good electroluminescence efficiency, low driving voltages and ease of fabrication. While LECs as initially proposed
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Electrospray Evaporative Spray Cooling (EESC)

Introduction As electronic devices get increasingly more powerful and more compact, there are an increasing number of semiconductor components that emit an increasing amount of heat. In order to ensure that these devices remain long-lived and reliable, more efficient methods of dissipating heat buil
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Application of Grating Light Reflection Spectroscopy in Analytical Sensors

Introduction There are a number of methods for measuring bulk fluid compositions in statics and flow by visible light reflection characteristics from the optically inhomogeneous wall of a vessel. Surface Plasmon Spectroscopy (SPS) on gratings and randomly rough surfaces has proven to be especially s
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Crosslinkable Hole Transporting Materials for Organic Lightemitting Diodes

Introduction High-performance organic or polymer light-emitting diodes comprise multilayer configurations having hole-transporting, emissive and electron-transporting layers to balance the injection and transport of both holes and electrons. In general, holetransporting material is the first applied
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Inductive Salinometer with Data Logging Capabilities and Toroidal Sensor

Introduction Salinity levels in seawater are not constant and can vary dramatically both temporally and spatially due to phenomena such as temperature, precipitation, deep-water upwelling, and tidal action. These variations are especially pronounced in coastal and estuarine waters where seawater int
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Influencing the orientation of chromophores to increase the opticelectric effect

Introduction The electro-optic effect, important for optical communications and quantum optics, occurs in materials that alter their refractive index in the presence of an electrical field. One of the more important specific electro-optic effects is known as the Pockels effect. Materials exhibiting
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