4D Digital Extended Cardiac-Torso (XCAT) Phantom
The four-dimensional (4D) NURBS-based cardiac-torso (NCAT) phantom, previously developed to provide a realistic model of the human anatomy and physiology for nuclear medicine imaging research, currently lacks anatomical details and accurate physiological functions for application to high resolution medical imaging techniques such as x-ray CT and MRI. At the same time, current phantoms used in these areas lack the sufficient realism and flexibility to depict the complex shapes of real human organs and the deformations of those shapes due to anatomical variation and normal physiologic motion.We fill that void by building upon the existing 4D NCAT phantom. We developed the 4D extended cardiac-torso (XCAT) phantom which includes more detailed and realistic anatomical structures and physiological functions suitable for use in higher-resolution imaging applications. Tissues distinguishable in x-ray CT imaging, including small anatomical details such as surface structure of tissue organs, pulmonary artery tree in the lungs and vasculature in the head and abdomen regions, were modeled based on segmented Visible Human CT data and high-resolution multi-splice spiral CT (MSCT) data. The models were created using a combination of NURBS and subdivision (SD) surfaces. The anatomy was extended to include structures in the head and abdomen for brain and prostate imaging applications. Cardiac motion was modeled using 4D cardiac gated tagged MRI image data and respiratory motion was modeled using 4D respiratory gated CT both from a normal human subject. The 4D XCAT phantom with its enhanced anatomy and physiological functions will provide a unique model for high-resolution imaging research to investigate image acquisition strategies, image processing and reconstruction methods, and image visualization and interpreation techniques. Alos, the 4D XCAT phantom has great potential to develop into educational aid for human anatomy and physiology. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) Phantom software for research of high-resolution imaging systems and image processing, reconstruction and compensation mwthods. Software to teach human anatomy and physiologyInventor(s): Segars, William Paul
Type of Offer: Licensing
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